1.0 Submitter/Company Information
Submitting Company: MONSANTO COMPANY

Voluntary Submitter Actions: OTHS
NO VOLUNTARY ACTIONS REPORTED

2.0 Submission Information
Submission Date: 08/13/92

EPA Receipt Date: 08/28/92

8(e)/FYI ID Number: 8EHQ-0892-09469A

Submission Stage: INI

Document Control Number: 88920007771

3.0 Chemical Information
CAS Number: 5137-55-3

TSCA Chemical Inventory Name: 1-Octanaminium, N-methyl-N,N-dioctyl-, chloride

Synonyms: ALIQUAT 336

Other Chemicals in Submission:

4.0 Study Information

Study Information:
NEUROTOXICITY (ANIMAL) ACUTE TOXICITY (ANIMAL) FINAL RESULTS SUB
Acute/Subacute Toxicity
Unknown Environmental Effects
EF

Summary/Abstract:
THE RELATIVE TOXICITY OF THIS CHEMICAL WAS STUDIED IN MICE, RATS, GUINEA PIGS,
RABBITS, AND HUMANS. THE CHEMICAL IN THE 90 DAY FEEDING STUDY IN RATS AT 125
TO 5000 PPM AND THE 90 DAY WEAR STUDY IN RABBITS, UNIFORM IMPREGNATED WITH 0.1
TO 0.5 SHOWED NO ADVERSE TOXIC EFFECTS. THERE WAS AN INCREASE IN CAECAL WEIGHT
AT LOW DOSE LEVELS, 300 PPM IN MALES AND 800 PPM IN FEMALES.

EPI: IN 1967-69 THE U.S. ARMY ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE AGENCY STUDIED THE
POTENTIAL FOR DERMAL IRRITANCY AND SENSITIZATION OF A MOTH-PROOFING CHEMICAL
INTENDED FOR ARMY WOOL CLOTHING. A PROPHETIC PATCH TEST USING WOOL FABRIC
SAMPLES IMPREGNATED WITH THE CHEMICAL AT 0.5 PERCENT (W/W) FAILED TO INDUCE
SKIN IRRITATION OR SENSITIZATION IN 31 VOLUNTEERS, ACCORDING TO THE SUMMARY
ABSTRACT PROVIDED.

METHYL TRICAPRYLYL AMMONIUM CHLORIDE (ALIQUOT 336): PRIMARY DERMAL IRRITATION
IN RABBITS IS OF HIGH CONCERN. SINGLE 24-H APPLICATIONS OF A 9.2 PH AQUEOUS
SOLUTION WITH 0.01 M SODIUM TETRABORATE EACH TO THE SKIN OF 4 OR 5 RABBITS WERE
ASSOCIATED WITH DERMAL RESPONSES COMPRISING MEAN IRRITATION SCORES AS FOLLOWS:
0.5ML TECHNICAL GRADE (8/8, ON BOTH ABRADED AND INTACT SKIN), 0.01ML TECHNICAL
GRADE (8.3/10), 0.01ML 10% SUSPENSION (5.7/10), 0.01ML 1.0% SUSPENSION
(1.7/10), 0.01 ML OF 0.1% SOLUTION (0.3/10), 0.01 ML OF 0.01% SOLUTION (0/10).

METHYL TRICAPRYLYL AMMONIUM CHLORIDE (ALIQUAT 336): EYE IRRITATION IN RABBITS
IS OF MEDIUM CONCERN. SINGLE 24 HR INSTALLATIONS OF 0.2 ML OF 0.1% AND 0.01%
(W/V) SOLUTIONS IN WATER EACH APPLIED TO ONE EYE OF 5 RABBITS WERE ASSOCIATED
WITH DOSAGE-RELATED AND TRANSIENT SIGNS OF IRRITATION. AT A 0.1% (W/V)
CONCENTRATION, THE INSTILLATION PRECIPITATED SLIGHT CORNEAL OPACITY AND IRITIS,
AND SEVERE CONJUNCTIVAL IRRITATION AT 24 HOUR INSPECTION THAT RESOLVED IN 4/5
ANIMALS BY 7TH DAY OBSERVATION. THE 0.01% INSTILLATION RESULTED IN SLIGHT
CONJUNCTIVAL IRRITATION AND DISCHARGE AT 24 HOURS IN ONE ANIMAL WHICH HAD
CLEARED BY THE 7TH DAY FOLLOWING TREATMENT.

METHYL TRICAPRYLYL AMMONIUM CHLORIDE (ALIQUAT 336): ACUTE INTRAPERITONEAL
TOXICITY IN MALE MICE AND RATS AND FEMALE GUINEA PIGS IS ASSIGNED NO LEVEL OF
CONCERN. SINGLE INTRAPERITONEAL INJECTIONS IN MCE, RATS, AND GUINEA PIGS WERE
ASSOCIATED WITH MORTALITY AS FOLLOWS: MICE (LD50=3.3 MG/KG); RATS
(LD50=6.6MG/KG, ALD=2.3 MG/KG); GUINEA PIGS (ALD=10.0 MG/KG). ALL ANIMAL
SPECIES EXHIBITED WEAKNESS AT LETHAL DOSES. GUINEA PIGS ALSO EXHIBITED
WEAKNESS AT SUBLETHAL LEVELS AND REDUCE MOTOR ACTIVITY AT THE LETHAL DOSES.
LETHAL DOSES ELICITED CLINICAL SIGNS OF TOXICITY IN RATS INCLUDING DIARRHEA,
ATAXIA, AND TREMORS. SINGLE INTRAPERITONEAL INJECTIONS OF 0.1,1,5,10 MG/KG TO
LONE RABBITS WERE ASSOCIATED WITH DEATH OF A SINGLE RABBIT OF 10MG/KG DOSAGE
AND NO CHANGES IN EITHER PLASMA OR BLOOD CHOLINESTERASE. SKELETONAL MUSCLE
RELAXATION WAS THE ONLY OBSERVED CLINICAL SIGN ASSOCIATED WITH TREATMENT IN
RABBITS.

METHYL TRICAPRYLYL AMMONIUM CHLORIDE (ALIQUAT 336): ACUTE ORAL TOXICITY IN
MALE MICE AND RATS IS OF MEDIUM CONCERN. SINGLE ORAL DOSES TO CROUPS OF 6 MICE
AND 6 RATS WERE ASSOCIATED WITH LD50'S (WITH 95% CONFIDENCE LIMITS) OF 280
(183-430) MG/KG AND 223 (136-366) MG/KG RESPECTIVELY. OVERT CLINICAL SIGNS OF
TOXICITY AT SUBLETHAL DOSES INCLUDED WEAKNESS AND NERVOUSNESS IN MICE; IN RATS,
LETHAL DOSES PRODUCED LABORED BREATHING, DIARRHEA, AND RED DISCHARGE FROM THE
EYE.

METHYL TRICAPRYLYL AMMONIUM CHLORIDE (ALIQUAT 336): DERMAL SENSITIZATION IN
MALE GUINEA PIGS IS OF LOW CONCERN. FOLLOWING INDUCTION WITH INTRADERMAL
INJECTIONS OF 0.1 ML OF A 0.1% SUSPENSION (W/V) IN 1 VOLUME OF PROPYLENE GLYCOL
AND 29 VOLUMES OF SALINE, CHALLENGE INJECTION TO A GROUP OF TEN MALE GUINEA
PIGS WAS ASSOCIATED WITH A RESPONSE AT 24-48 HOURS POST-CHALLENEGE OBSERVATION
OF NO GREATER MAGNITUDE THAN THAT IN 10 CONTROL ANIMALS RECEIVING NO PRIOR
SENSITIZATION.

DINTROCHLOROBENZENE (DCNB): DERMAL SENSITIZATION IN MALE GUINEA PIGS IS OF LOW
CONCERN. FOLLOWING INDUCTION WITH INTRADERMAL INJECTIONS OF 0.1 ML OF A 0.1%
SUSPENSION (W/V) IN 1 VOLUME OF PROPYLENE GLYCOL 29 VOLUMES OF SALINE,
CHALLENGE INJECTION TO A GROUP OF TEN MALE GUINEA PIGS WAS ASSOCIATED WITH NO
GREATER RESPONSE THAN THAT IN CONTROL ANIMALS OR FROM THE INITIAL SENSITIZING
INJECTIONS AT 24-48 HOUR OBSERVATION POST-INJECTION. RESPONSE TO A CHALLENGE
DOSE IN 5 ANIMALS NOT RECEIVING PRIOR INDUCTION INJECTIONS WAS OF THE SAME
ORDER OF INTENSITY AFTER 24-48 HOURS AS THAT IN TEST ANIMALS RECEIVING THEIR
FIRST SENSITIZATION INJECTIONS.

METHYL TRICAPRYLYL AMMONIUM CHLORIDE (ALIQUAT 336): SUBCHRONIC INTRAPERITONEAL
TOXICITY IN RABBITS IS ASSIGNED NO LEVEL OF CONCERN. TEN DAILY INTRAPERITONEAL
INJECTIONS OF 2.0 MG/KG IN PEANUT OIL IN 3 RABBITS WERE ASSOCIATED WITH DEATH
OF ONE RABBIT FOLLOWING A THIRD INJECTION. THERE WAS NO EVIDENCE OF
CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITION OR CHANGES IN BODYWEIGHTS RELATIVE TO CONTROL.

METHYL TRICAPRYLYL AMMONIUM CHLORIDE (ALIQUAT 336): SUBCHRONIC ORAL TOXICITY
IN MALE AND FEMALE RATS IS OF MEDIUM CONCERN. DAILY EXPOSURES TO
CONCENTRATIONS OF 125 PPM (7.3 MG/KG), 300 PPM (16.2 MG/KG), 800 PPM (43.9
MG/KG), 2000 PPM (126.2 MG/KG) AND 5000 PPM (289.0 MG/KG) FOR 90 DAYS VIA
DIETARY ADMIXTURE IN GROUPS OF 6 EACH MALE AND FEMALE RATS WERE ASSOCIATED WITH
DOSAGE-RELATED SIGNS OF TOXICITY AS FOLLOWS: INCREASED RELATIVE CECAUM/BODY
WEIGHT RATIOS IN MALES AND FEMALES OF 300-5000 PPM (16.2- 289.0 MG/KG) AND 800-
5000 PPM (43.9- 289.0 MG/KG) DIETARY EXPOSURES RESPECTIVELY; DECREASED CECAL
ORGANISMS IN FEMALES OF 300- 5000 PPM (16.2- 289.0 MG/KG) DIETARY EXPOSURES;
REDUCTION OF FEED CONSUMPTION AND BODYWEIGHT GAIN IN MALES AND FEMALES OF A
5000 PPM (289.0 MG/KG) DIETARY EXPOSURE; DEATH (2/6M, 4/6F) AT 5000 PPM (2739.0
MG/KG).

METHYL TRICAPRYLYL AMMONIUM CHLORIDE (ALIQUAT 336): SUBCHRONIC DERMAL TOXICITY
IN MALE NEW ZEALAND WHITE RABBITS IS OF LOW CONCERN. CONTINUOUS 90 DAY
APPLICATIONS OF WOOL CLOTH TREATED WITH 0.1%, 0.25% OR 0.5% (W/) TO ABRADED
SKIN (REAPPLICATION AT DAY 0 AND WEEKS 2,4, AND 8) OR, WITH 2.0 ML ARTIFICIAL
"SWEAT", TO INTACT SKIN (REAPPLICATION 5 DAYS/WEEK) OF GROUPS OF 5 OR 6 RABBITS
EACH WERE ASSOCIATED WITH NO APPRECIABLE SIGNS OF SYSTEMATIC TOXICITY OR DERMAL
IRRITATION RELATIVE TO CONTROL. PARAMETERS INVESTIGATED INCLUDED ORGAN-TO-BODY
WEIGHT RATIOS, CLINICAL CHEMISTRY AND HEMATOLOGICAL VALUES, BRAIN
CHOLINESTERASE LEVELS AND SKIN IRRITATION SCORES. NO GROSS PATHOLOGY OR
HISTOLPATHOLOGICAL EVIDENCE OF ORGAN-SPECIFIC TOXICITY WAS OBSERVED.

METHYL TRICAPRYLYL AMMONIUM CHLORIDE (ALIQUAT 336): DERMAL SENSITIZATION IN
HUMANS IS OF LOW CONCERN. FOLLOWING A SINGLE 48 HOUR APPLICATION OF 0.5% (W/W)
ON A 1" SQUARE OF WOOL FABRIC TO THE INTACT SKIN OF 31 HUMAN VOLUNTEERS,
CHALLENGE 2 WEEKS LATER WITH A SECOND 48 HOUR APPLICATION WAS ASSOCIATED WITH
NO INDICATION OF SKIN IRRITATION OR SKIN SENSITIZATION.


METHYL TRICAPRYLYL AMMONIUM CHLORIDE (ALIQUAT 336): ACUTE ORAL TOXICITY IN
,ALE MICE AND RATS IS OF MEDIUM CONCERN. SINGLE ORAL DOSES TO GROUPS OF 6 MICE
AND 6 RATS WERE ASSOCIATED WITH LD50'S (WITH 95% CONFIDENCE LIMITS) OF 280
(183--430) MG/KG AND 233 (136-366) MG/KG RESPECTIVELY. OVERT CLINICAL SIGNS OF
TOXICITY AT SUBLETHAL DOSES IN MICE INCLUDED WEAKNESS AND NERVOUSNESS; IN RATS,
LETHAL DOSES PRODUCED LABORED BREATHING, DIARRHEA, AND RED DISCHARGE FROM THE
EYE.

METHYL TRICAPRYLYL AMMONIUM CHLORIDE (ALIQUAT 336): DERMAL SENSITIZATION IN
MALE GUINEA PIGS IS OF LOW CONCERN. FOLLOWING INDUCTION WITH INTRADERMAL
INJECTIONS OF 0.1ML OF A 0.1% SUSPENSION (W/V) IN 1 VOLUME OF PROPYLENE GLYCOL
AND 29 VOLUMES OF SALINE, CHALLENGE INJECTION INTO A GROUP OF 10 MALE GUINEA
PIGS WAS ASSOCIATED WITH NO GREATER RESPONSE THAN THAT IN CONTROL ANIMALS OR
FROM THE INITIAL SENSITIZING INJECTIONS AT 24-48 HOUR OBSERVATIONS
POST-INJECTION. RESPONSE TO A CHALLENGE DOSE IN 5 ANIMALS NOT RECEIVING PRIOR
INDUCTION INJECTIONS WAS OF THE SAME ORDER OF INTENSITY AFTER 24-48 HOURS AS
THAT IN TEST ANIMALS RECEIVING THEIR FIRST SENSITIZING INJECTIONS.

DINITROCHLOROBENZENE (DCNB): DERMAL SENSITIZATION IN MALE GUINEA PIGS IS OF
LOW CONCERN. FOLLOWING INDUCTION WITH INTRADERMAL INJECTIONS OF 0.1 ML OF A
0.1 % SUSPENSION (W/V) IN 1 VOLUME OF PROPYLENE AND 29 VOLUMES OF SALINE.
CHALLENGE INJECTION TO A GROUP OF 10 MALE GUINEA PIGS WAS ASSOCIATED WITH NO
GREATER RESPONSE THAN THAT IN CONTROL ANIMALS OR FROM THE INITIAL SENSITIZING
INJECTIONS AT 24-48 HOUR OBSERVATIONS POST-INJECTION. RESPONSE TO A CHALLENGE
DOSE IN 5 ANIMALS NOT RECEIVING PRIOR INDUCTION INJECTIONS WAS OF THE SAME
ORDER OF INTENSITY AFTER 24-48 HOURS AS THAT IN TEST ANIMALS RECEIVING THEIR
FIRST SENSITIZING INJECTIONS.

METHYL TRICAPRYLYL AMMONIUM CHLORIDE (ALIQUAT 336): SUBCHRONIC
INTRPERITONEAL TOXICITY IN RABBITS IS ASSIGNED NO LEVEL OF CONCERN. TEN DAILY
INTRPERITONEAL INJECTIONS OF 2.0 MG/KG IN PEANUT OIL IN 3 RABBITS WERE
ASSOCIATED WITH DEATH OF ONE RABBIT FOLLOWING A THIRD INJECTION. THERE WAS NO
EVIDENCE OF CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITION OR CHANGES IN BODYWEIGHTS RELATIVE TO THE
CONTROL.

METHYL TRICAPRYLYL AMMONIUM CHLORIDE (ALIQUAT 336): SUBCHRONIC ORAL TOXICITY
IN MALE AND FEMALE RATS IS OF MEDIUM CONCERN. DAILY EXPOSURES TO
CONCENTRATIONS OF 125 PPM (7.3 MG/KG), 300 PPM (16.2 MG/KG), 800 PPM (43.9
MG/KG), 2000 PPM (126.2 MG/KG) AND 5000 PPM (289.0 MG/KG) FOR 90 DAYS VIA
DIETARY ADMIXTURE IN GROUPS OF 6 EACH MALE AND FEMALE RATS WERE ASSOCIATED WITH
DOSAGE RELATED SIGNS OF TOXICITY AS FOLLOWS: INCREASED RELATIVE CEACUM/BODY
WEIGHT RATIOS IN MALES AND FEMALES OF 300-5000 PPM (16.2-289.0 MG/KG) AND
800-5000 PPM (43.9-289 MG/KG) DIETARY EXPOSURES RESPECTIVELY; DECREASED CECAL
MICROORGANISMS IN FEMALES OF 300-5000 PPM (16.2-289 MG/KG) DIETARY EXPOSURES;
REDUCTION IN FEED CONSUMPTION AND BODYWEIGHT GAIN IN MALES AND FEMALES OF A
5000 PPM (289.0 MG/KG) DIETARY EXPOSURE; DEATH (2/6m, 4/6f) AT 5000 PPM (2739.0
MG/KG).

METHYL TRICAPRYLYL AMMONIUM CHLORIDE (ALIQUAT 336): SUBCHRONIC DERMAL TOXICITY
IN MALE NEW ZEALAND WHITE RABBITS IS OF LOW CONCERN. CONTINUOS 90 DAY
APPLICATIONS OF WOOL CLOTH TREATED WITH 0.1%, 0.25%, 0.5% (W/W) TO ABRADED SKIN
(REAPPLICATION AT DAY 0 AND WEEKS 2,4, 8) OR, WITH 2.0 ML ARTIFICIAL "SWEET" ,
TO INTACT SKIN (REAPPLICATION 5 DAYS/WEEK) OF GROUPS OF 5 OR 6 RABBITS EACH
WERE ASSOCIATED WITH NO APPRECIABLE SIGNS OF SYSTEMIC TOXICITY OR DERMAL
IRRITATION RELATIVE TO CONTROL. PARAMETERS INVESTIGATED INCLUDED ORGAN-TO-BODY
WEIGHT RATIOS, CLINICAL CHEMISTRY AND HEMATOLOGICAL VALUES, BRAIN
CHOLINESTERASE LEVELS AND SKIN IRRITATION SCORES. NO GROSS PATHOLOGY OR
HISTOPATHOLGICAL EVIDENCE OF ORGAN-SPECIFIC TOXICITY WAS OBSERVED.

METHYL TRICAPRYLYL AMMONIUM CHLORIDE (ALIQUAT 336): DERMAL SENSITIZATION IN
HUMANS IS OF LOW CONCERN. FOLLOWING A SINGLE 48 HOUR APPLICATION OF 0.5 %
(W/W) ON A 1" SQUARE OF WOOL FABRIC TO THE INTACT SKIN OF 31 HUMAN VOLUNTEERS,
CHALLENGE 2 WEEKS LATER WITH A ACUTE ORAL TOXICITY IN MALE AND FEMALE BEAGLE
DOGS IS
OF LOW
CONCERN. SINGLE DOSES OF 0.6 G/KG AND 0.9 G/KG GAVAGED TO ONE MALE
AND ONE FEMALE DOG RESPECTIVELY WERE ASSOCIATED WITH WHITE FROTHY
EMESIS AND TRANSIENT SIGNS OF NEUROTOXICITY. NEITHER ANIMAL DIED OR
SHOWED PERSISTING TOXIC EFFECTS BEYOND 280 MINUTES AFTER DOSING AND
GASTROSCOPIC EXAMINATION REVEALED NO EFFECTS THROUGHOUT THE
GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT OF EITHER ANIMAL OTHER THAN A WHITE FROTH
DETECTED IN THE STOMACH OF THE FEMALE. SIACUTE ORAL TOXICITY IN MALE AND FEMALE
BEAGLE DOGS IS OF LOW CONCERN. SINGLE DOSES OF 0.6 G/KG AND 0.9 G/KG GAVAGED TO
ONE MALE AND ONE FEMALE DOG RESPECTIVELY WERE ASSOCIATED WITH WHITE FROTHY
EMESIS AND TRANSIENT SIGNS OF NEUROTOXICITY. NEITHER ANIMAL DIED OR SHOWED
PERSISTING TOXIC EFFECTS BEYOND 280 MINUTES AFTER DOSING AND GASTROSCOPIC
EXAMINATION REVEALED NO EFFECTS THROUGHOUT THE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT OF EITHER
ANIMAL OTHER THAN A WHITE FROTH DETECTED IN THE STOMACH OF THE FEMALE. SIACUTE
ORAL TOXICITY IN MALE AND FEMALE BEAGLE DOGS IS OF LOW CONCERN. SINGLE DOSES OF
0.6 G/KG AND 0.9 G/KG GAVAGED TO ONE MALE AND ONE FEMALE DOG RESPECTIVELY WERE
ASSOCIATED WITH WHITE FROTHY EMESIS AND TRANSIENT SIGNS OF NEUROTOXICITY.
NEITHER ANIMAL DIED OR SHOWED PERSISTING TOXIC EFFECTS BEYOND 280 MINUTES AFTER
DOSING AND GASTROSCOPIC EXAMINATION REVEALED NO EFFECTS THROUGHOUT THE
GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT OF EITHER ANIMAL OTHER THAN A WHITE FROTH DETECTED IN
THE STOMACH OF THE FEMALE. SIACUTE ORAL TOXICITY IN MALE AND FEMALE BEAGLE DOGS
IS OF LOW CONCERN. SINGLE DOSES OF 0.6 G/KG AND 0.9 G/KG GAVAGED TO ONE MALE
AND ONE FEMALE DOG RESPECTIVELY WERE ASSOCIATED WITH WHITE FROTHY EMESIS AND
TRANSIENT SIGNS OF NEUROTOXICITY. NEITHER ANIMAL DIED OR SHOWED PERSISTING
TOXIC EFFECTS BEYOND 280 MINUTES AFTER DOSING AND GASTROSCOPIC EXAMINATION
REVEALED NO EFFECTS THROUGHOUT THE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT OF EITHER ANIMAL
OTHER THAN A WHITE FROTH DETECTED IN THE STOMACH OF THE FEMALE. SIACUTE ORAL
TOXICITY IN MALE AND FEMALE BEAGLE DOGS IS OF LOW CONCERN. SINGLE DOSES OF 0.6
G/KG AND 0.9 G/KG GAVAGED TO ONE MALE AND ONE FEMALE DOG RESPECTIVELY WERE
ASSOCIATED WITH WHITE FROTHY EMESIS AND TRANSIENT SIGNS OF NEUROTOXICITY.
NEITHER ANIMAL DIED OR SHOWED PERSISTING TOXIC EFFECTS BEYOND 280 MINUTES AFTER
DOSING AND GASTROSCOPIC EXAMINATION REVEALED NO EFFECTS THROUGHOUT THE
GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT OF EITHER ANIMAL OTHER THAN A WHITE FROTH DETECTED IN
THE STOMACH OF THE FEMALE. SIACUTE ORAL TOXICITY IN MALE AND FEMALE BEAGLE DOGS
IS OF LOW CONCERN. SINGLE DOSES OF 0.6 G/KG AND 0.9 G/KG GAVAGED TO ONE MALE
AND ONE FEMALE DOG RESPECTIVELY WERE ASSOCIATED WITH WHITE FROTHY EMESIS AND
TRANSIENT SIGNS OF NEUROTOXICITY. NEITHER ANIMAL DIED OR SHOWED PERSISTING
TOXIC EFFECTS BEYOND 280 MINUTES AFTER DOSING AND GASTROSCOPIC EXAMINATION
REVEALED NO EFFECTS THROUGHOUT THE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT OF EITHER ANIMAL
OTHER THAN A WHITE FROTH DETECTED IN THE STOMACH OF THE FEMALE. SIGNS OF
NEUROTOXICITY WERE DEMONSTRATED IN THE FEMALE FROM 15 TO 220 MINUTES
POST-GAVAGE AND INCLUDED ABNORMAL GAIT AND STANCE, SQUINTING, DISORIENTATION,
ATAXIA AND WEAKNESS OF HIND LIMBS.